Administrative Health Research (AHR)

Abstract هجدهمین شماره از فصلنامه دانش ارزیابی به قلم جمعی از نویسندگان، استادان، محققان و فعالان دستگاه های اجرایی به زیور طبع آراسته گردید. در این شماره نیز مانند شماره های پیشین کوشیده ایم تا ضمن ارایه مجموعه ای از مطالب در چارچوب مباحث نظارت و بازرسی، اصل تنوع را نیز ارزشی در خور قایل باشیم تا خواننده گرامی بی آنکه ملالی از تکرار بیابد، بحث های گوناگون را با رویکردی واحد دنبال نماید. به همین خاطر در شماره پیش رو، دامنه نگاه ها را در گستره ای فراملی به سوی کشورهای اسلامی، کشورهای در حال توسعه و کشورهای اروپایی نیز کشانده ایم تا از رهگذر طرح بحث هایی از این دست، بر غنای مطالب این شماره بیافزاییم. دانش ارزیابی مجالی مناسب برای همه اندیشمندان و قلم به دستانی است که به اشتراک گذاری دانش خویش در حوزه نظارت و بازرسی را گامی مفید برای ارتقاء کیفی کار کردهای نظام مقدس جمهوری اسلامی می پندارند. دست آنان را می فشاریم و برایشان آرزوی توفیق داریم.

Abstract Corruption is a pervasive issue which is observed in all social systems and there is this phenomenon in all social classes, all governmental agencies, all political systems and developed and industrialized countries. The international organizations have identified financial and political corruption as one of the most important concerns of public administration and a major obstacle to sustainable development and have carried out initiatives for combating this problem in the world but the effort of the international community in the fight against corruption have been failed till now. In addition, corruption has brought out the enormous economic and political costs to the under developed countries and Leading to a widening gap between social classes and decreasing public confidence toward the government of these countries. Although the possibility of corruption in industrialized countries, because of their strong economies and higher degrees of development, shows lower levels in comparison with the underdeveloped countries, but these countries are also involved in corruption. In this paper expressed the examples of corruption in industrialized countries and multinational companies in developed countries and has reviewed the role of developed countries in generating corruption in underdeveloped countries. This is often indicated that some of the banks or financial institutions of developed countries have a significant role in the creation of corruption or assist to the corrupt government officials in some underdeveloped countries in laundering the proceeds of corruption.

Abstract The standard signs are of those signs in which the probability of explaining their legal nature, under commercial and industrial signs, exists. But, based on Iranian current legal texts, there are some obstacles in their pretend as commercial symbols. So, defining the specific nature, such as confirmatory and approval symbols maybe thought as a solution. Although, current administrative procedures, and practitioners consideration, and the current laws of the country, expressing these symptoms as located in the states principles, but this article is going to achieve a more nuanced approach, with the analysis of the old and the new rules in standard realm, and also some international treaties, including the treaty of Paris, and the practice of the law of England, of legal nature of the standard symptoms.
Keywords: standard sign, confirmatory signs, community signs, commercial signs
Keywords: standard sign, confirmatory signs, community signs, commercial signs
Keywords: standard sign, confirmatory signs, community signs, commercial signs

Abstract Different monitoring systems, intrinsic and extrinsic, with various attitudes, criteria and indicators, different levels of skills, abilities and knowledge, also with diverse linked or separate tasks and functions, necessitate trainings, academic courses, researches and even structural changes, in order to develop a unified, adaptive monitoring system. Certainly, developing an academic, empirical core for research would be helpful in this regard. This research is to analytically review the impact of SIP model on the financial control and monitoring. It includes input, process, feedback and output components and their subsets in the inspection organization of Esfahan province, Iran. The descriptive method has been used in this paper. The statistical population includes all of the inspectors of Esfahan inspection organization. This research is a kind of census; 34 questionnaires distributed, 31 of them have been returned. An impressive result it is, considering the numbers and specialty of the questionnaires. The gathered data analyzed by SPSS software. The measuring instrument -the questionnaire-adjusted by the researcher through advices and consultations of thesis advisor, consoler professor and the research expert of the organization. The Cranach's alpha used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the measuring instrument (0.94). The Likert scale used to measure the frequency. All the components of the used model (input, process, feedback and output) are the independent variables; the financial monitoring is the dependent variable of the research. To measure this variable we built it through the Likert scale. Data analysis descriptive statistics revealed 87 percent of inspectors and supergiant of the province , men and 13 percent of them are women and 48 percent have a bachelors degree and masters degree and 52 percent of them. Also, based on test results obtained from the analytical study of the inter, the processing, feedback control and supervision of the financial crisis.....

Abstract In this article, the relationship between foreign direct investment, eco nomic growth and doing business index is studied by using econometric techniques to test specific contracts (Panel) for MENA countries. The results show the positive impact of foreign direct investment on doing business. Therefore it is recommended to the countries including Iran to achieve sustainable development is of high importance to pay at tention to the effects of doing business.
Keywords: economic growth, foreign direct investment, doing business
In this article, the relationship between foreign direct investment, eco nomic growth and doing business index is studied by using econometric techniques to test specific contracts (Panel) for MENA countries. The results show the positive impact of foreign direct investment on doing business. Therefore it is recommended to the countries including Iran to achieve sustainable development is of high importance to pay at tention to the effects of doing business.
Keywords: economic growth, foreign direct investment, doing business

Abstract All over the world, the very word "ombudsman" evokes feelings of security, protection and freedom. Today, the constitutional ombudsman concept is intrinsically tied to the ideas of democracy, rule of law and human rights. The "ombudsman idea" originated in Sweden. Inspector General in Swedish language is called ombudsman. In order to protect individual freedom, the institution ideally correlates democracy with the ideas of the rule of law. This paper examines the hows and whys of that success and finally presents models including the basic or the classical model, the model of rule of law and human rights model.
Keywords: Ombudsman, Ombudsman Spread, Ombudsman Model
All over the world, the very word "ombudsman" evokes feelings of security, protection and freedom. Today, the constitutional ombudsman concept is intrinsically tied to the ideas of democracy, rule of law and human rights. The "ombudsman idea" originated in Sweden. Inspector General in Swedish language is called ombudsman. In order to protect individual freedom, the institution ideally correlates democracy with the ideas of the rule of law. This paper examines the hows and whys of that success and finally presents models including the basic or the classical model, the model of rule of law and human rights model.
Keywords: Ombudsman, Ombudsman Spread, Ombudsman Model

Abstract A rigorous system of monitoring and inspection makes managers aware of proach towards achieving the objectives and operations. In this regard, the regulatory agencies, especially the General Inspection Organization in accordance with the Article 174 of Iranian constitution, deals with prevention and suppression of corruption. Here, Ethics in the monitoring and inspection is regarded as necessary. Inspectors should more than any other group of community commit themselves to observe professional ethics. Thus, here we try to mention the most important feature of the monitoring and inspection of ethics based on the teachings of Islam.
Keywords: Ethics, professional ethics, monitoring and inspection, administrative system
A rigorous system of monitoring and inspection makes managers aware of proach towards achieving the objectives and operations. In this regard, the regulatory agencies, especially the General Inspection Organization in accordance with the Article 174 of Iranian constitution, deals with prevention and suppression of corruption. Here, Ethics in the monitoring and inspection is regarded as necessary. Inspectors should more than any other group of community commit themselves to observe professional ethics. Thus, here we try to mention the most important feature of the monitoring and inspection of ethics based on the teachings of Islam.
Keywords: Ethics, professional ethics, monitoring and inspection, administrative system

Abstract One of the most urgent needs of the ecological history of the problem of food supply to survive and one of the basic needs in human societies for the human being supply of food is cause motivator. Failure to meet the conditions of its population facing hunger catastrophe that is the source of many societal ills .In recent years Executive officers have alternatively used the terms "food security" and "food safety" which has also been known in the Development Vision of Iran 1404. Although these terms are often confused by some authorities to be handled. Sustainable food security requires a sustainable system of production and distribution of food and Output fluctuations, natural disasters, inflation and unemployment, disease and war have always been among the factors threatening human food security in many parts of the world, this situation is due to the increase in world population and the consequences of climate change on agricultural production and the uneven distribution of food, the food security and health concerns have created. Article Ahead evaluates the above, the optimal solution is formulated food basket is based on three principles: adequacy, balance and diversity (while maintaining the nutritional and health needs of the community, individual differences, habits and food preferences, cultural and nutritional education classes different) and consider the possibilities of production, distribution and physical and economic access at the national level as is.