بازتبیین مفهوم فساد اداری در شرکت‌های غیردولتی ارائه دهنده خدمات عمومی؛ مطالعه موردی شرکت شاپرک

In legal systems influenced by the Romano-Germanic tradition, public will and the distinction between public and private interest shape a specific meaning of "administration" (Edareh). Understanding the current meaning of "administration" within Iran's legal framework requires grasping this historical context. The traditional understanding of "administration," emphasizing organizational and functional elements, has proven inadequate in the face of expanding administrative roles and the emergence of non-governmental organizations providing public services. This includes private companies operating under political oversight to deliver public services and benefits. The rigidity of the traditional concept of "administration" hinders oversight of these entities, leading to administrative corruption. Therefore, considering the evolution of the concept of "administration" to encompass such entities, like the Shaparak electronic payment network, necessitates a reevaluation of "administration" and, consequently, administrative corruption. This article, using a descriptive-analytical approach, addresses the central question: "What is the relationship between administrative corruption and nongovernmental organizations providing public services?" To answer this, the organizational and functional elements of "administration" and the three components of administrative corruption are analyzed in relation to Shaparak as a case study. The findings are: firstly, administrative corruption can be defined as a violation of the public will for private gain, aiming to increase civil inequality; and secondly, nongovernmental organizations providing public services, such as Shaparak, can be defined within the scope of 'administration' and can commit administrative corruption.