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The journal “Administrative Integrity Research” is published with the aim of advancing education, research, and fostering a culture of integrity within the administrative system. The journal seeks to produce and expand indigenous literature and provide scholarly solutions for promoting transparency, accountability, and the prevention of administrative corruption.

This is an Open Access journal, ensuring that all articles are made immediately and freely available to the public upon publication.

Research Article Corruption

Path Dependence and Institutional Resistance: Explaining the Failure of Anti-Corruption Reforms in Iran

Pages 7-39

https://doi.org/10.22034/ahr.2026.735463

Mohammad Reza Abyari, Mohammad Ali Shahriari

Abstract Anti-corruption reforms in Iran, despite increasing necessity and internal and international pressures, have failed to achieve effective and sustainable results over the past decades due to institutional, cultural, and structural barriers. This study, employing an institutional analysis approach and qualitative methods, examines the reasons behind the failure of these reforms. Data were collected through the analysis of 24 official documents and 18 semi-structured interviews with experts, government officials, and policymakers in the governance sector. The findings indicate that three main mechanisms play a decisive role in shaping institutional resistance: first, historical dependence and institutional lock-in, which prevent changes along established paths; second, unhealthy interactions between formal institutions and informal power networks, which perpetuate opaque relationships and reproduce corruption-prone patterns; and third, institutional fragmentation and weak coordination among responsible agencies, which undermine the implementation capacity of reforms. The results suggest that without gradual institutional restructuring, increased transparency, and strengthened independence of supervisory bodies, anti-corruption policies in Iran will continue to fail. Finally, the study offers practical recommendations for reducing institutional resistance, enhancing organizational accountability, and institutionalizing sustainable reforms.

Research Article Corruption

Valuation of factors affecting people's participation in submitting corruption reports to the General Inspection Organization using the best-worst fuzzy method (Case study: Fars Provincial Inspectorate General)

Pages 215-248

https://doi.org/10.22034/ahr.2026.734341

Mohammadreza Arghavan, Mohammadreza Nourbakhsh, Abbas Sonati

Abstract The present study seeks to prioritize the factors affecting people's participation in submitting corruption reports to the General Inspection Organization with the help of experts from the Fars Provincial Inspectorate General. The research was conducted quantitatively; using the best-worst fuzzy method, the effective factors were determined and prioritized. The statistical population of the study in the best-worst fuzzy section (experts) included senior managers of the General Inspection of Fars Province (Inspector General, Deputy Inspectors General, and Chief Inspectors), who were 9 people in total, all of whom were selected as samples. The findings showed that among the components, the security features component is of the greatest importance and the structural features are of the least importance. The results showed that when prioritizing the effective factors for attracting people's participation in submitting corruption reports, maintaining the security of reporters and strengthening their motivation have a high priority and special attention should be paid to them.

Research Article Corruption in Sectors

An Approach to Proactive Identification and Algorithmic Analysis of Corruption Grounds in Government Contracts: Transparency Beyond Reactive Monitoring with Machine Learning

Pages 41-109

https://doi.org/10.22034/ahr.2026.737437

Seyed Mohammad Etemad Ejazi

Abstract This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the challenges of economic corruption in Iran's government contracts and proposes a novel solution based on machine learning for identifying corruption-prone anomalies. By analyzing documents and supervisory reports from 2002 to 2021, structural deficiencies in the public procurement system were identified, including ambiguity in legal jurisdictions, lack of integrated systems, extensive managerial discretion, and budgetary non-transparency. The Random Forest model has been introduced as a non-parametric tool for analyzing complex patterns in relationships between stakeholders (such as sham tenders or abnormal concentration of resources). Findings indicate that leveraging machine learning and real-world data from systems like "Setad" leads to the development of an advanced system for monitoring government contracts. This system not only tracks violations (like unusual collaborations) but also enables preemptive intervention by detecting early warning indicators. Despite data limitations, this approach can significantly enhance transparency and accountability in the utilization of Iran's public resources.

Research Article Beaurucracy

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain on the Transparency and Accuracy of Financial Reporting

Pages 111-139

https://doi.org/10.22034/ahr.2026.737438

Masume Sohrabi Am Abad, Mahdi Karamy gholi kandi, Moein Nazari

Abstract The aim of this study is to examine the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain on the transparency and accuracy of financial reporting. Financial reporting, as the main tool for decision-making by investors, managers, and regulatory bodies, has undeniable importance; however, traditional reporting methods have consistently faced limitations such as human error, time delays, and the risk of fraud. AI, with its ability to process massive volumes of data, perform predictive analytics, detect hidden patterns, and generate real-time reports, has significantly enhanced the quality and precision of financial reporting. In contrast, Blockchain, with its fundamental features such as data immutability, transparency, and decentralization, provides a reliable platform for recording and storing financial transactions, thereby virtually eliminating data manipulation or forgery. The combination of these two technologies creates a valuable synergy in financial reporting systems; Blockchain’s reliable and transparent data can be analyzed by AI algorithms to produce comprehensive, accurate, and forward-looking reports. The findings of this study indicate that the simultaneous application of AI and Blockchain not only increases trust and reliability in financial reports but also paves the way for a fundamental transformation in accounting and finance in the digital age.

Research Article Beaurucracy

Diagnosing the Corporate Governance System in Iranian Banks and Financial Institutions

Pages 141-176

https://doi.org/10.22034/ahr.2026.737439

Kazem Shamsadini, ahmad khodamipour, Hosein Molaei

Abstract Corporate governance is considered one of the fundamental pillars for enhancing transparency, accountability, and financial soundness in the banking and financial system. The present study aims to diagnose the corporate governance system in Iranian banks and financial institutions by focusing on two key components: the Risk Committee and the Internal Audit Unit. This research employed a survey method using a researcher-made questionnaire to collect data from 272 respondents. The data were analyzed using the Student's t-test.
The findings indicated that, out of 27 items related to the Risk Committee, 19 were identified as strengths and 5 as weaknesses. Furthermore, the performance of private banks in some aspects of risk management was found to be superior to that of public banks. Regarding the Internal Audit Unit, 16 out of 20 items were identified as strengths, 2 as weaknesses, and 2 yielded inconclusive results. Comparative analysis of private and public banks in this component also revealed statistically significant superiority of private banks in 10 items. The study concludes that despite progress in regulatory structures of banks, there are still significant challenges and weaknesses concerning independence, efficiency, and the effective implementation of corporate governance—particularly in public banks. Accordingly, the study recommends strengthening the supervisory role of regulatory bodies, enhancing the professional independence of internal audit units, improving risk management mechanisms, and paying special attention to performance differences between private and public banks. By providing empirical evidence, this study underscores the necessity of reviewing and reinforcing corporate governance components to promote stability, soundness, and effectiveness in the country’s banking system.

Research Article Integrity Policy

Designing a Comprehensive Model for Organizational Health and Administrative Corruption Control Based on the Prophetic Management Style of the Great Prophet (PBUH)

Pages 177-213

https://doi.org/10.22034/ahr.2026.737436

shahrokh farrokh

Abstract Administrative and structural corruption is recognized as a fundamental challenge in the path of organizational and societal excellence, the effective control of which requires moving beyond imported theories and employing indigenous and efficient models. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a comprehensive model for organizational health and corruption control based on the Prophetic management style of the Great Prophet (PBUH). This applied research was carried out with a qualitative and inductive approach, based on thematic analysis strategy. The statistical population of the study included valid historical texts, narrations, and documents related to the Prophetic management style (PBUH), which were analyzed using purposive sampling method. In the systematic data analysis process through three steps of open, axial, and selective coding, 62 initial codes were extracted and organized into 9 axial categories. By analyzing conceptual links, the core category of the research was developed as “Systematic Corruption Control; Based on Systemic Balance among Human Capital Development, Institutional Architecture, and Public Oversight.” The findings indicate that the Prophetic model is a tripartite and integrated architecture: First, “Institutional and Structural Architecture” which seeks to institutionally reduce corruption opportunities through establishing the rule of law, procedural transparency, and protection of resources; Second, “Human Capital Development and Excellence” which curbs the internal motivation for violation by integrating meritocracy, ethical empowerment, and managerial rationality; and Third, “Public Oversight and Social Responsibility” which drastically increases the social cost of committing corruption by institutionalizing participatory whistleblowing and accountability. Consequently, the Prophetic style (PBUH), by surpassing reductionist approaches, demonstrates that guaranteeing organizational health depends on the balanced synergy among deterrent structure, competent personnel, and participatory control of stakeholders.

The Role of Control and Inspection in Promoting Administrative integrity and Confronting Administrative Corruption

Volume 7, Issue 3, Autumn 2015, Pages 21-34

mohammad sanaye, hamed movahednasab

Abstract Monitoring and inspection are two instruments for management system that have controling, deterrence and corrective role. It is defined the proper implementation of operational activities and to ensure compliance with laws and regulations and to achieve the desired goals and objectives and programs of every organization. The fight against corruption requires preventive and deterrent measures while, for the promotion of the administrative integrity, it is needed to adopt the initiatives which in addition to maintaining the current state of administrative integrity it. The article 28 in the law of integrity Promotion of administrative system, obliges The Council of national regulators to prepare the standard indicators for measuring the administrative integrity. The council approved the nine indicators, including: Rule of law, establishment and development of electronic systems, transparency, oversight and internal controls, accountability, administrative and financial discipline, training, skills, development of religious culture and ethics, meritocracy and con sumption patterns and productivity. Moreover, participation, accountability and justice are among those indicators that affect the administrative integrity and increase administrative efficiency, ensuring the proper implementation of laws.

Control

Review of the General Inspection Organization of the country: judicial or non-judicial?

Volume 17, Issue 1, Spring 2025, Pages 5-30

mohamad Javaheri Tehrani, Mohammad Zarebidoki

Abstract Abstract

The General Inspection Organization of the country is one of the review institutions stipulated in the constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran, which can remove corruption and lack of agility from the laps of institutions and administrative organizations with its authority. This organization is a monitoring institution that is included in the structure of the judiciary, and for this reason, Iranian legal researchers differed in the type of review. Some have considered its review as investigative, some as non-judicial but with judicial powers, and some have considered its placement in the judiciary as one of the causes of its inefficiency. This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, has concluded that judicial review in the common sense of the word, which is applied by the judges of the courts and the Administrative Court of Justice, is not compatible with the current structure of the General Inspection Organization of the country, and that judicial review cannot be imposed on it. But it seems that the Constitution of the Islamic Republic, considering the background and the existence of institutions such as "Diwan Begi" in the Safavid era, which was the highest judicial institution in the country and had review powers and duties over government bodies and officials, did not consider the judiciary to sit in the court and listen to the people's claims, and in fact, considered the position of the judiciary and the judiciary as an institution that detects corruption and is active in the field of society and government.

Public supervision; a different and comprehensive anti-corruption approach

Volume 7, Issue 4, Winter 2016, Pages 35-46

mahdi babamohammadi

Abstract Public supervision is a set of processes and practices which at tracts public cooperation and public confidence by collecting comments and views of people and their demands to prevent and deter government employees from commitment of Crime and Abuse. The elements of Public supervision are citizens (the efficient cause), integrity and efficiency of the organization (final cause), an organization supervised (material cause) and surveillance (formal cause). According to surveys and statistical data, corruption is mainly non-official phenomenon and so informal way maybe the best way to deal with it. In this paper after describing the concept of public supervision, on the one hand and its role in the fight against corruption and on the other hand, some suggestions to institutionalize public supervision among the citizens has been proposed.
Keywords: Public supervision, the fight against corruption, responsibility
Keywords: Public supervision, the fight against corruption, responsibility
Keywords: Public supervision, the fight against corruption, responsibility

Corruption

Redefining Administrative Corruption in Non-Governmental Public Service Providers: A Case Study of Shaparak Company

Volume 17, Issue 1, Spring 2025, Pages 63-88

vali rostami, mohammad taher safarzadeh arabi

Abstract In legal systems influenced by the Romano-Germanic tradition, public will and the distinction between public and private interest shape a specific meaning of "administration" (Edareh). Understanding the current meaning of "administration" within Iran's legal framework requires grasping this historical context. The traditional understanding of "administration," emphasizing organizational and functional elements, has proven inadequate in the face of expanding administrative roles and the emergence of non-governmental organizations providing public services. This includes private companies operating under political oversight to deliver public services and benefits. The rigidity of the traditional concept of "administration" hinders oversight of these entities, leading to administrative corruption. Therefore, considering the evolution of the concept of "administration" to encompass such entities, like the Shaparak electronic payment network, necessitates a reevaluation of "administration" and, consequently, administrative corruption. This article, using a descriptive-analytical approach, addresses the central question: "What is the relationship between administrative corruption and nongovernmental organizations providing public services?" To answer this, the organizational and functional elements of "administration" and the three components of administrative corruption are analyzed in relation to Shaparak as a case study. The findings are: firstly, administrative corruption can be defined as a violation of the public will for private gain, aiming to increase civil inequality; and secondly, nongovernmental organizations providing public services, such as Shaparak, can be defined within the scope of 'administration' and can commit administrative corruption.

structure and function of the state boards of administrative offenses

Volume 10, Issue 2, Summer 2018, Pages 7-28

ali ahmadi

Abstract One of the specialized administrative bodies of the executive branch subdivision, that its main task is to deal with administrative offenses of state servants is the state board of administrative offenses. In this regard, the legal and regulatory framework for dealing with administrative violations is necessary for maintaining the public interest and efficiency of the administrative apparatus, maintaining independence in all stages of the proceedings with a transparent hearing procedure to the credibility of the board's quasi-judiciary and considering its important principles. The purpose of this article is reviewing the structure and function of the state boards of administrative offenses and identify in its weaknesses in investigating violations of state employees in order to lead us towards the desirable principles of prosecution. By applying these principles and criteria, we will try to represent some suggestions for a desirable pattern of proceedings in these boards.
Keywords: Administrative offenses, prevention, prosecution, corruption.

Professional ethics in the field of monitoring and inspection in administrative system, with emphasis on religious teachings

Volume 5, Issue 4, Winter 2013, Pages 113-136

hoseinali ahmadi gorji, vahid araee

Abstract A rigorous system of monitoring and inspection makes managers aware of proach towards achieving the objectives and operations. In this regard, the regulatory agencies, especially the General Inspection Organization in accordance with the Article 174 of Iranian constitution, deals with prevention and suppression of corruption. Here, Ethics in the monitoring and inspection is regarded as necessary. Inspectors should more than any other group of community commit themselves to observe professional ethics. Thus, here we try to mention the most important feature of the monitoring and inspection of ethics based on the teachings of Islam.
Keywords: Ethics, professional ethics, monitoring and inspection, administrative system
A rigorous system of monitoring and inspection makes managers aware of proach towards achieving the objectives and operations. In this regard, the regulatory agencies, especially the General Inspection Organization in accordance with the Article 174 of Iranian constitution, deals with prevention and suppression of corruption. Here, Ethics in the monitoring and inspection is regarded as necessary. Inspectors should more than any other group of community commit themselves to observe professional ethics. Thus, here we try to mention the most important feature of the monitoring and inspection of ethics based on the teachings of Islam.
Keywords: Ethics, professional ethics, monitoring and inspection, administrative system

Corruption

Legal Framework of Counter Corruption and Administrative Integrity with Smart Oversight and Inspection

Volume 17, Issue 2, Summer 2025, Pages 65-94

Ali Mohammad Fallahzadeh, Salman Sadeghi, Mohammad Ali Sadeghi

Abstract The utilization of artificial intelligence as a tool for combating corruption and promoting administrative integrity necessitates the elucidation of the legal foundations of intelligent supervision and inspection, as well as addressing certain legal questions regarding its application in oversight processes. This article aims to define the concept of intelligent supervision, examine the aforementioned legal questions, and introduce new considerations in the discourse on oversight and artificial intelligence. The research seeks to answer the fundamental question of how the legal framework for intelligent supervision and the use of AI capabilities can contribute to combating administrative corruption and ensuring administrative integrity. This study is based on determining the role of technology and technological products, including software and robots, within the concept of supervision. Establishing this role will shape the framework of intelligent supervision. Given the determination of technology's role as a tool or a self-executing entity, this article will delineate the legal framework for its utilization. Furthermore, the study will address key legal questions arising from challenges in public law, such as the principle of legality, the principle of accountability, data privacy, and confidentiality.

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